INDIANAPOLIS -- The pandemic has pushed the issue of voter access to the forefront, but for Indiana's disability community, it's more than just another talking point.
Voter turnout for people with disabilities was 6 percentage points lower than that of people without disabilities in the 2016 presidential election. Jessica Trimble, director of communication and outreach at Indiana Disability Rights, said typically the reason people with disabilities might forego casting a ballot is because of troubles they've encountered when voting in the past.
"So if they've had a negative past experience for any reason - be it transportation, be it the polling location, be it poll workers - the chance of them going to vote again drops significantly," Trimble said. "So that is a really big challenge that is really impacting a large community."
It's estimated nearly 60% of polling locations in the country are inaccessible in some way, shape or form.
This year all Indiana voters can cast a ballot early in person starting today. Absentee voting by mail is reserved for people who cannot physically be present to vote on Election Day and requires a documented excuse.
A recent study from Rutgers University found roughly 874,000 eligible voters in Indiana have a disability, which represents nearly 18% of the total electorate for the general election.
Director of the Disability Justice Initiative at the Center for American Progress Rebecca Cokley contends election officials and candidates need to ensure everyone can cast a ballot.
"The disability vote matters," Cokley said. "The disability community saved the Affordable Care Act back in 2017. We are a strong community; we are a politically active community. And so it actually behooves them to make voting as easy as possible for people with disabilities."
Trimble advises Hoosiers with disabilities to vote in the manner they feel most comfortable, and if possible, to vote early and in person. She noted those who feel they need additional assistance can contact their local county clerk's office to request a travel board.
"The travel board is made up of a volunteer of each of the major political parties, and they actually bring a ballot to your house," Trimble said. "They can support you in completing the ballot if you need help, and then they make sure it's sealed, it's signed and it gets delivered to the clerk for you."
Voting information for individuals with disabilities is available at indianavoters.com.
Support for this reporting was provided by The Carnegie Corporation of New York.
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The American Civil Liberties Union of Texas says it is monitoring protests at college campuses, after almost 60 students protesting the Israeli-Palestinian conflict were arrested during a demonstration at the University of Texas in Austin.
State troopers on horses and in riot gear were called in to control the crowd. ACLU Staff Attorney Brian Klosterboer said students planning to participate in peaceful protests should know their rights.
"We encourage everyone to follow the guidance of law enforcement even if they believe that law enforcement might be violating their First Amendment or constitutional rights," said Klosterboer. "It's important that people try to stay safe. Remember, they also have a right to remain silent. You can ask if you are free to leave."
Charges were dropped against the protesters in Austin. Students also held a sit-in at the University of Texas in Dallas and a walkout was held at the University of Texas in Arlington.
Following the arrests of the protesters, Texas Gov. Greg Abbott said on the social media platform X that the students belonged in jail, and accused them of hate speech.
Klosterboer said when state officials attack free speech, they undermine the core of democracy.
"Texas public universities were specifically designated by Gov. Abbott as traditional public forums," said Klosterboer. "That's where students and others who are engaging in any kind of speech, whether it's passing out Bibles and religious literature or engaging in protests for human rights. That's where free speech is at its apex."
He added that if someone feels their civil liberties have been violated, they can file a complaint on the ACLU website.
The demonstrations in Texas are part of nationwide protests calling for a ceasefire between the Israeli forces and Hamas.
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The Montana chapter of the American Civil Liberties Union has filed class-action lawsuit challenging a measure barring people from listing a gender on their birth certificate other than the one they were born with.
Montana lawmakers passed Senate Bill 280 in 2021, which requires a court order to change gender on a birth certificate. A state court issued an injunction against the measure but now the state health department has put a total ban on changes to sex designations on birth certificates.
Akilah Deernose, executive director of the ACLU of Montana, called the measure part of a "concerted and unrelenting attack" on the civil rights of people who identify as transgender.
"We've previously sued on the birth certificate issue," Deernose pointed out. "Once again, we're seeing the state implement laws and rules and policies that unfairly target transgender people."
On the other side, some people argued birth certificates contain vital statistics and should be based on the facts at the time of birth. The suit awaits action in state court.
Deernose noted beyond privacy rights, the birth certificate measure has the potential to force a person to declare themselves to be someone other than who they are, based on their declared identity.
"And who they know themselves to be," Deernose observed. "That puts them at risk of discrimination and also forces them to out themselves every time they share those identity documents."
The suit also challenges a motor vehicle department policy forbidding changing sex designations on driver's licenses.
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New York state lawmakers have appointed members to the Community Commission on Reparations Remedies, created through legislation Gov. Kathy Hochul signed in 2023.
Its goal is to examine the legacy of slavery and its continuing impacts on black New Yorkers. The commission will develop a report outlining recommendations for addressing these inequities.
Linda J. Mann, co-founder of the African American Redress Network, said there is one problem facing the commission: a lack of funds.
"It is absolutely imperative that funds for these types of task force, because of the amount of research that's going into it, is an imperative," Mann emphasized.
While the bill had plenty of Democratic support, it drew the ire of Republican lawmakers.
Many areas of the country are determining how to redress past disparities Black people face. A recent report found philanthropies have received millions in funds stemming from depriving Black people of opportunities to build wealth similar to those of their white counterparts.
The New York commission will have to present its findings in 2025.
A 2021 Pew Research survey showed three-quarters of Black Americans surveyed support reparations, while only 18% of white Americans support it.
Along with the U.S., countries worldwide are navigating reparations, with Mann noting they are not always compensatory.
"We're not talking about just altering economic wellness," Mann pointed out. "There's other ways in which historical harms have led to disparities in education, in health, in housing."
Beyond New York, California is the only other state to have created a reparations commission. California's reparations task force recommended some compensatory reparations based on factors such as health harms, mass incarceration and over-policing, housing discrimination and the devaluation of African American businesses. But, it wasn't certain how much all of this would amount to.
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